{
  "source": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/",
  "count": 373,
  "categories": [
    {
      "id": "fundamentals",
      "name": "AI fundamentals",
      "icon": "🧠",
      "description": "The basic words everyone should know."
    },
    {
      "id": "machine-learning",
      "name": "How AI learns",
      "icon": "📈",
      "description": "Data, training, testing and neural networks."
    },
    {
      "id": "generative-ai",
      "name": "Chatbots and generative AI",
      "icon": "💬",
      "description": "LLMs, prompts, images, voices and why they make mistakes."
    },
    {
      "id": "everyday-ai",
      "name": "AI in daily life",
      "icon": "📱",
      "description": "Cameras, feeds, robots and assistants around you."
    },
    {
      "id": "agents-automation",
      "name": "Agents and automation",
      "icon": "⚙️",
      "description": "AI that takes actions and connects your apps."
    },
    {
      "id": "security",
      "name": "AI and security",
      "icon": "🛡️",
      "description": "How AI gets attacked, how scammers use it, and how to defend."
    },
    {
      "id": "privacy-law",
      "name": "Privacy, law and compliance",
      "icon": "⚖️",
      "description": "Your data rights and the rules for AI, in India and beyond."
    },
    {
      "id": "ethics-safety",
      "name": "Responsible AI",
      "icon": "🤝",
      "description": "Fairness, transparency and keeping people in charge."
    },
    {
      "id": "business",
      "name": "AI in business",
      "icon": "💼",
      "description": "Words you'll hear in offices, startups and boardrooms."
    },
    {
      "id": "building",
      "name": "Coding and building AI",
      "icon": "💻",
      "description": "For people who want to build with AI."
    },
    {
      "id": "infrastructure",
      "name": "Chips, cloud and energy",
      "icon": "🔌",
      "description": "The machines, power and water behind AI."
    }
  ],
  "levels": [
    "beginner",
    "intermediate",
    "advanced"
  ],
  "entries": [
    {
      "slug": "gitignore",
      "term": ".gitignore",
      "meaning": "a file that tells Git which files and patterns to never track or upload.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/gitignore/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "3-2-1-rule",
      "term": "3-2-1 rule",
      "meaning": "a backup guideline of 3 copies, on 2 storage types, with 1 copy kept physically separate.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/3-2-1-rule/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "accountability",
      "term": "Accountability",
      "meaning": "being responsible for what happens.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Bunny’s Six Questions",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/bunnys-six-questions/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/accountability/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "accuracy",
      "term": "Accuracy",
      "meaning": "how often something is right.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Bunny’s Six Questions",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/bunnys-six-questions/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 8
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/accuracy/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "actuator",
      "term": "Actuator",
      "meaning": "a part that makes a robot move, like a motor.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/actuator/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "advance-fee-fraud",
      "term": "Advance-fee fraud",
      "meaning": "paying a small amount upfront for a bigger reward that was never going to arrive.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/advance-fee-fraud/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "adversarial-example",
      "term": "Adversarial example",
      "meaning": "an input changed slightly, often invisibly to people, to fool an AI.",
      "example": "A few stickers on a stop sign made some image AIs read it as a speed-limit sign.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/adversarial-example/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "adware",
      "term": "Adware",
      "meaning": "malware built specifically to flood a device with unwanted ads.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/adware/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "agentic-ai",
      "term": "Agentic AI",
      "meaning": "an AI system that can take real actions, not just generate text responses.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 15",
          "chapterTitle": "When the Agent Goes Rogue",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/when-the-agent-goes-rogue/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 15
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/agentic-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-agent",
      "term": "AI agent",
      "meaning": "an AI that can take actions, like sending messages or paying.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-agent/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-alignment",
      "term": "AI alignment",
      "meaning": "making sure an AI's goals and behaviour match what people actually want.",
      "example": "A cleaning robot told to \"remove dust\" shouldn't decide to throw out the carpet.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-alignment/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-governance",
      "term": "AI governance",
      "meaning": "an organisation's rules, roles and checks for using AI safely and legally.",
      "example": "A company policy listing approved AI tools, banned uses and who signs off on new AI projects.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-governance/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-model",
      "term": "AI model",
      "meaning": "the trained program that makes the predictions. GPT, Gemini, Claude and Llama are families of models.",
      "example": "When an app says it \"runs on Gemini\", Gemini is the model doing the thinking behind the app.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-safety",
      "term": "AI safety",
      "meaning": "research and practice to stop AI systems causing harm, now or as they get more powerful.",
      "example": "Testing whether a chatbot gives dangerous instructions before releasing it.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-safety/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-supply-chain-attack",
      "term": "AI supply chain attack",
      "meaning": "tampering with a model, dataset or code library before people download and use it.",
      "example": "A poisoned \"free\" model file uploaded to a sharing site, which misbehaves after download.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-supply-chain-attack/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-washing",
      "term": "AI washing",
      "meaning": "exaggerating how much AI a product really uses, for marketing.",
      "example": "An \"AI-powered\" fan that is really just a timer.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-washing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ai-watermark",
      "term": "AI watermark",
      "meaning": "a visible label or hidden signal showing that content was made with AI.",
      "example": "An \"AI-generated\" tag on an Instagram post, or invisible marks some image tools add.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ai-watermark/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "alert-fatigue",
      "term": "Alert fatigue",
      "meaning": "the tendency to ignore warnings after being shown too many false or low-value ones.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pipeline That Shipped the Bug Anyway",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-pipeline-that-shipped-the-bug-anyway/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/alert-fatigue/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "algorithm",
      "term": "Algorithm",
      "meaning": "a step-by-step set of instructions for solving a problem.",
      "example": "A recipe for masala chai is an algorithm: boil water, add tea, add milk, add sugar, strain.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/algorithm/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "anomaly",
      "term": "Anomaly",
      "meaning": "something that doesn’t fit the usual pattern.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Heap With No Names",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-heap-with-no-names/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/anomaly/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "api",
      "term": "API",
      "meaning": "an application programming interface: a way for one program to talk to another.",
      "example": "A travel app getting live flight prices from airlines through their APIs.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/api/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "artificial-general-intelligence",
      "term": "Artificial general intelligence (AGI)",
      "meaning": "a hoped-for kind of AI that could match people across most kinds of thinking work. No system does this today.",
      "example": "When a tech CEO says \"AGI is coming\", it's a prediction, and experts disagree about when, or whether, it will happen.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/artificial-general-intelligence/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "artificial-intelligence",
      "term": "Artificial Intelligence (AI)",
      "meaning": "computer programs that can learn and make smart guesses.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/artificial-intelligence/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "artificial-neuron",
      "term": "Artificial neuron",
      "meaning": "a tiny calculator that multiplies its inputs by weights, adds them, and decides.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/artificial-neuron/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "attachment",
      "term": "Attachment",
      "meaning": "a file sent along with an email or message.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/attachment/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "attack-surface",
      "term": "Attack surface",
      "meaning": "everything about a system that could possibly be attacked or misused.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Welcome to the Blast Radius",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/welcome-to-the-blast-radius/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/attack-surface/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "attention",
      "term": "Attention",
      "meaning": "the part of a transformer that lets each word look at the other words that matter for its meaning.",
      "example": "In \"I sat on the bank of the river\", attention links \"bank\" to \"river\", not to money.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/attention/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "attention-economy",
      "term": "Attention economy",
      "meaning": "a world where apps compete to hold people’s attention.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/attention-economy/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "audit",
      "term": "Audit",
      "meaning": "a careful check of habits or systems against what's actually recommended.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/audit/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "authentication",
      "term": "Authentication",
      "meaning": "confirming who someone is, usually via a password and sometimes a second factor.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/authentication/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "authorization",
      "term": "Authorization",
      "meaning": "confirming what an already-authenticated person is allowed to do or see.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/authorization/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "automation-trigger",
      "term": "Automation trigger",
      "meaning": "the event that starts an automation.",
      "example": "\"A form is submitted\" or \"it's 9 a.m. every Monday\".",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/automation-trigger/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "automation-workflow",
      "term": "Automation workflow",
      "meaning": "a chain of steps that runs by itself when something happens.",
      "example": "A new email from a customer → AI sorts it → a row is added to a Google Sheet. Built with n8n, Zapier or Make.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/automation-workflow/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "availability",
      "term": "Availability",
      "meaning": "ensuring authorised people can actually access information or systems when they need to.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/availability/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "backdoor",
      "term": "Backdoor",
      "meaning": "a hidden trigger that makes a model misbehave only when it appears.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/backdoor/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "backpropagation",
      "term": "Backpropagation",
      "meaning": "the method networks use to work out the slope for every weight at once.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/backpropagation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "backup",
      "term": "Backup",
      "meaning": "an extra copy of your files, kept safe in case the original is lost or damaged.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/backup/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "balanced-data",
      "term": "Balanced data",
      "meaning": "examples that fairly cover every group.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Judge Who Never Crossed the River",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-judge-who-never-crossed-the-river/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/balanced-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "base-image",
      "term": "Base image",
      "meaning": "the foundational layer a container is built on top of.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "A Container Is Not a Castle",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/a-container-is-not-a-castle/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/base-image/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "base-model",
      "term": "Base model",
      "meaning": "a model after pre-training, before it learns to be an assistant.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/base-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "baseline-behaviour",
      "term": "Baseline behaviour",
      "meaning": "what's normal for an account or system, used to recognise what isn't.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/baseline-behaviour/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "benchmark",
      "term": "Benchmark",
      "meaning": "a standard test used to compare AI models.",
      "example": "Companies score chatbots on sets of maths, coding and reasoning questions, like a common entrance exam for AI.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/benchmark/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "bias",
      "term": "Bias",
      "meaning": "when an AI is regularly wrong or unfair for one group.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Judge Who Never Crossed the River",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-judge-who-never-crossed-the-river/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/bias/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "blast-radius",
      "term": "Blast radius",
      "meaning": "how far the impact of a compromise or mistake can spread from its starting point.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Welcome to the Blast Radius",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/welcome-to-the-blast-radius/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 17",
          "chapterTitle": "Capstone: Every Road Leads Through AppSec",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/capstone-every-road-leads-through-appsec/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 17
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/blast-radius/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "block-and-report",
      "term": "Block and report",
      "meaning": "stopping contact from someone and telling the platform about harmful behaviour.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/block-and-report/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "blue-team",
      "term": "Blue team",
      "meaning": "the defenders who detect, respond to, and fix what the red team finds.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 16",
          "chapterTitle": "Red Team, Blue Team, Same Team",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/red-team-blue-team-same-team/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 16
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/blue-team/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "botnet",
      "term": "Botnet",
      "meaning": "a large network of compromised devices controlled together, often without their owners' knowledge.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/botnet/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "branch-protection",
      "term": "Branch protection",
      "meaning": "repository rules requiring review or checks before code can merge into a main branch.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/branch-protection/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "broken-object-level-authorization",
      "term": "Broken object-level authorization (BOLA)",
      "meaning": "an API that checks login but not whether the specific requested record belongs to the requester.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "Every API Is a Promise Someone Will Break",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/every-api-is-a-promise-someone-will-break/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/broken-object-level-authorization/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "browser-agent",
      "term": "Browser agent",
      "meaning": "an AI that operates a web browser for you: clicking, typing and filling forms.",
      "example": "Asking an agent to compare train timings on several sites. Always confirm before it pays or submits anything.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/browser-agent/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "bug-bounty-programme",
      "term": "Bug bounty programme",
      "meaning": "a company's published invitation to test specific systems, often with a reward for valid findings.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/bug-bounty-programme/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "bystander",
      "term": "Bystander",
      "meaning": "someone who sees something harmful happen and chooses to act, or not to.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/bystander/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "captive-portal",
      "term": "Captive portal",
      "meaning": "the sign-in page a public wifi network shows before granting access.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/captive-portal/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "carbon-footprint",
      "term": "Carbon footprint",
      "meaning": "how much carbon dioxide something adds to the air.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/carbon-footprint/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "chatbot",
      "term": "Chatbot",
      "meaning": "an app you can talk or type to, often powered by a language model.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/chatbot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cia-triad",
      "term": "CIA triad",
      "meaning": "Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability, the three foundational goals of information security.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cia-triad/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "classifier",
      "term": "Classifier",
      "meaning": "an AI that sorts things into groups, like wet or dry.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/classifier/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cloud-computing",
      "term": "Cloud computing",
      "meaning": "renting computers, storage and AI over the internet instead of owning them.",
      "example": "Photos backed up to Google Photos live in the cloud, in a data centre.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cloud-computing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "clustering",
      "term": "Clustering",
      "meaning": "putting similar things into groups.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Heap With No Names",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-heap-with-no-names/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/clustering/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cnapp",
      "term": "CNAPP",
      "meaning": "cloud-native application protection platform, an umbrella term for continuous cloud security posture tooling.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bucket Everyone Forgot About",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-bucket-everyone-forgot-about/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cnapp/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "collaborative-filtering",
      "term": "Collaborative filtering",
      "meaning": "suggesting things that people similar to you liked.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/collaborative-filtering/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "collective-risk",
      "term": "Collective risk",
      "meaning": "when one person's unsafe habit can end up affecting a whole group or community.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/collective-risk/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "compute",
      "term": "Compute",
      "meaning": "the computing power needed to train and run AI.",
      "example": "Training a large model can take thousands of GPUs running for weeks.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/compute/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "computer-vision",
      "term": "Computer vision",
      "meaning": "teaching computers to understand pictures and videos.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "example": "Toll plazas read number plates; your gallery app groups photos by face.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/computer-vision/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "confidence",
      "term": "Confidence",
      "meaning": "how sure a model says it is about an answer.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/confidence/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "confidence-score",
      "term": "Confidence score",
      "meaning": "how sure an AI is about its answer.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/confidence-score/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "confidentiality",
      "term": "Confidentiality",
      "meaning": "ensuring only authorised people can see or access information.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/confidentiality/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "consent",
      "term": "Consent",
      "meaning": "a clear, specific agreement to a particular use of your data, not a vague blanket approval.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Bunny’s Six Questions",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/bunnys-six-questions/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/consent/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "consent-manager",
      "term": "Consent manager",
      "meaning": "under India's DPDP Rules, a registered Indian company that lets you give, review and withdraw consent across many apps in one place.",
      "example": "Like a single dashboard for every app's data permissions.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/consent-manager/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "container-escape",
      "term": "Container escape",
      "meaning": "a process breaking out of its container boundary to affect the underlying host.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "A Container Is Not a Castle",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/a-container-is-not-a-castle/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/container-escape/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "containment",
      "term": "Containment",
      "meaning": "isolating an infected device to stop an attack from spreading further.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/containment/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "context",
      "term": "Context",
      "meaning": "the words before, which help make a better guess.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/context/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "context-window",
      "term": "Context window",
      "meaning": "how much text a model can consider at once, including your conversation and files.",
      "example": "A large context window lets a chatbot read a whole textbook chapter you upload and answer questions about it.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/context-window/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "controller",
      "term": "Controller",
      "meaning": "the computer that decides what the robot does.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/controller/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "copilot",
      "term": "Copilot",
      "meaning": "an AI assistant built into a tool you already use, helping as you work.",
      "example": "AI that suggests the next line in your code editor, or drafts a reply inside your email app.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/copilot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "copyright-and-ai",
      "term": "Copyright and AI",
      "meaning": "the open legal questions about who owns AI output, and whether AI may learn from copyrighted work.",
      "example": "Authors and news publishers have taken AI companies to court over training data.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/copyright-and-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "credential",
      "term": "Credential",
      "meaning": "the username-and-password (or similar) pair that lets you into an account.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/credential/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "credential-reuse",
      "term": "Credential reuse",
      "meaning": "using the same password on more than one account.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/credential-reuse/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "credential-rotation",
      "term": "Credential rotation",
      "meaning": "replacing a leaked key or password with a fresh one, rather than only hiding the old one.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/credential-rotation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "credential-stuffing",
      "term": "Credential stuffing",
      "meaning": "automatically trying leaked email-password pairs from one breach against many other sites.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/credential-stuffing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ctf",
      "term": "CTF (Capture The Flag)",
      "meaning": "a legal competition built around finding planted security flaws in purpose-built systems.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ctf/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cvss",
      "term": "CVSS",
      "meaning": "Common Vulnerability Scoring System, a standard way of rating vulnerability severity.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 14",
          "chapterTitle": "Patch Tuesday and Other Unsexy Heroics",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/patch-tuesday-and-other-unsexy-heroics/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 14
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cvss/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cyber-hygiene",
      "term": "Cyber hygiene",
      "meaning": "the everyday habits that keep you safer online, the way regular habits keep you healthy offline.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cyber-hygiene/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cyberbullying",
      "term": "Cyberbullying",
      "meaning": "using a screen, post, or message to mock, embarrass, or target a real person.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cyberbullying/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cybercrime-helpline-cybercrime-gov-in",
      "term": "Cybercrime helpline (1930) / cybercrime.gov.in",
      "meaning": "India's official channels for reporting online fraud, including fake job offers.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cybercrime-helpline-cybercrime-gov-in/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cybercrime-helpline-1930",
      "term": "Cybercrime helpline, 1930",
      "meaning": "India's national number for reporting cyber fraud.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/cybercrime-helpline-1930/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dark-pattern",
      "term": "Dark pattern",
      "meaning": "a design built on purpose to push you toward one choice, like a huge \"Allow All\" button.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dark-pattern/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dast",
      "term": "DAST",
      "meaning": "dynamic application security testing, probing a running application like an external attacker would.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pipeline That Shipped the Bug Anyway",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-pipeline-that-shipped-the-bug-anyway/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dast/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data",
      "term": "Data",
      "meaning": "facts, numbers, words, pictures or sounds that a computer can store and learn from.",
      "example": "Your phone's step counts, your photos and your messages are all data.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-centre",
      "term": "Data centre",
      "meaning": "a building full of computers that run websites, apps and AI.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-centre/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-collection",
      "term": "Data collection",
      "meaning": "the gathering of information about how you use an app.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-collection/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-fiduciary",
      "term": "Data fiduciary",
      "meaning": "an organisation entrusted with collecting and handling someone's personal data responsibly.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "example": "Your bank, a food-delivery app or your school, when they handle your details.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-fiduciary/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-leakage",
      "term": "Data leakage",
      "meaning": "when an AI reveals private information it saw in training or in a chat.",
      "example": "An employee pastes customer details into a public chatbot, and the data leaves the company.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-leakage/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-minimisation",
      "term": "Data minimisation",
      "meaning": "collecting only the data actually needed for a service to function.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-minimisation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-poisoning",
      "term": "Data poisoning",
      "meaning": "adding bad examples to training data to change what an AI learns.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-poisoning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-principal",
      "term": "Data principal",
      "meaning": "the person whose personal data is being collected or used.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "example": "When a shop collects your phone number, you are the data principal.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-principal/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-protection-board-of-india",
      "term": "Data Protection Board of India",
      "meaning": "the independent body that handles complaints and penalties under the DPDP Act, with an online portal.",
      "example": "If a company ignores your request to correct your data, you can complain to the Board.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-protection-board-of-india/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "data-provenance",
      "term": "Data provenance",
      "meaning": "a record of where each piece of data came from.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/data-provenance/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dataset",
      "term": "Dataset",
      "meaning": "the whole collection of examples an AI learns from.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Judge Who Never Crossed the River",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-judge-who-never-crossed-the-river/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dataset/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "deep-learning",
      "term": "Deep learning",
      "meaning": "machine learning that uses neural networks with many layers.",
      "example": "Face unlock, voice typing and Google Lens all use deep learning.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/deep-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "deepfake",
      "term": "Deepfake",
      "meaning": "a fake photo or video of a real person, made with AI.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/deepfake/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "default-credentials",
      "term": "Default credentials",
      "meaning": "factory-set usernames and passwords, identical across every unit of a device.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/default-credentials/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "defence-in-depth",
      "term": "Defence in depth",
      "meaning": "using many layers of protection, not just one.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/defence-in-depth/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dependency-confusion",
      "term": "Dependency confusion",
      "meaning": "an attack where a malicious package is mistaken for, or substituted in place of, a legitimate one by name.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tool Nobody Approved",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-tool-nobody-approved/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dependency-confusion/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "deployment",
      "term": "Deployment",
      "meaning": "putting software live, so real users can use it.",
      "example": "Moving your AI app from your laptop to a server everyone can reach.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/deployment/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "digital-empathy",
      "term": "Digital empathy",
      "meaning": "thinking about the real person behind every post before you share it.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/digital-empathy/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "digital-footprint",
      "term": "Digital footprint",
      "meaning": "the lasting trail of information you leave behind online over time.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/digital-footprint/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dimension",
      "term": "Dimension",
      "meaning": "one of the numbers in a vector; one direction on the map.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dimension/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "distance",
      "term": "Distance",
      "meaning": "how far apart two words are on the map. Small distance, similar meaning.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/distance/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "distribution-shift",
      "term": "Distribution shift",
      "meaning": "when the real world looks different from the data the AI learned from.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/distribution-shift/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "domain-expert",
      "term": "Domain expert",
      "meaning": "a person who knows a job or subject deeply, from real experience.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/domain-expert/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "domain-spoofing",
      "term": "Domain spoofing",
      "meaning": "making an email look like it's from a trusted company by faking the display name, while the real sending address is different.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/domain-spoofing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "dpdp-act",
      "term": "DPDP Act (Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023)",
      "meaning": "India's core law governing personal data collection and use.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "example": "It's why apps must ask clearly for consent and tell you about data breaches.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/dpdp-act/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "edge",
      "term": "Edge",
      "meaning": "a place in a picture where colours change suddenly.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/edge/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "edr",
      "term": "EDR",
      "meaning": "endpoint detection and response, tooling that watches devices and servers for suspicious activity.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 14",
          "chapterTitle": "Patch Tuesday and Other Unsexy Heroics",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/patch-tuesday-and-other-unsexy-heroics/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 14
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/edr/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "embedding",
      "term": "Embedding",
      "meaning": "a list of numbers that gives a word (or picture, or sound) an address on a map of meanings.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/embedding/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "emergency-stop",
      "term": "Emergency stop",
      "meaning": "a button that stops a robot at once.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/emergency-stop/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "encoding",
      "term": "Encoding",
      "meaning": "representing data in a different, instantly reversible format.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 13",
          "chapterTitle": "The Math That Keeps Secrets",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-math-that-keeps-secrets/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 13
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/encoding/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "encryption",
      "term": "Encryption",
      "meaning": "scrambling data so only the intended recipient can read it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 13",
          "chapterTitle": "The Math That Keeps Secrets",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-math-that-keeps-secrets/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 13
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/encryption/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "environment-variable",
      "term": "Environment variable",
      "meaning": "a way to supply a secret to running code without ever writing it into the code itself.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/environment-variable/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "error-or-loss",
      "term": "Error, or loss",
      "meaning": "a number that measures how wrong a model’s answers are.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/error-or-loss/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "escalation",
      "term": "Escalation",
      "meaning": "passing a confirmed concern to someone with more authority or context to act on it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/escalation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "eu-ai-act",
      "term": "EU AI Act",
      "meaning": "Europe's law that sorts AI systems by risk, with strict rules for high-risk uses and bans on some.",
      "example": "Government \"social scoring\" of citizens is banned; AI used in hiring faces strict checks.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/eu-ai-act/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "evaluation",
      "term": "Evaluation (evals)",
      "meaning": "systematic tests that measure how well an AI system does its job.",
      "example": "Running 500 real customer questions through a chatbot and scoring each answer.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/evaluation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "evil-twin",
      "term": "Evil twin",
      "meaning": "a fake wifi access point set up with a name close enough to a real one to trick people into connecting.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/evil-twin/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "evil-twin-network",
      "term": "Evil twin network",
      "meaning": "a fake wifi hotspot built to look like a trusted one.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/evil-twin-network/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "excessive-agency",
      "term": "Excessive agency",
      "meaning": "an AI agent having more permission or capability than its task actually requires.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 15",
          "chapterTitle": "When the Agent Goes Rogue",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/when-the-agent-goes-rogue/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 15
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/excessive-agency/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "excessive-data-exposure",
      "term": "Excessive data exposure",
      "meaning": "an API returning more fields than the client actually needs, relying on the client to filter.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "Every API Is a Promise Someone Will Break",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/every-api-is-a-promise-someone-will-break/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/excessive-data-exposure/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "expiry",
      "term": "Expiry (exp)",
      "meaning": "the field declaring when a token should stop being valid.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/expiry/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "explainability",
      "term": "Explainability",
      "meaning": "being able to understand why an AI gave a particular answer.",
      "example": "A loan app that says \"declined because of missed payments\", not just \"declined\".",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/explainability/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "face-recognition",
      "term": "Face recognition",
      "meaning": "AI that identifies or verifies a person from their face.",
      "example": "Face unlock on your phone, or face-based check-in at some airports.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/face-recognition/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fact-check",
      "term": "Fact-check",
      "meaning": "to check whether something is true using a trusted source.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/fact-check/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fact-checking",
      "term": "Fact-checking",
      "meaning": "the process of verifying whether a claim is actually true before trusting or sharing it.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/fact-checking/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fairness-testing",
      "term": "Fairness testing",
      "meaning": "checking an AI’s results for each group separately.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Judge Who Never Crossed the River",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-judge-who-never-crossed-the-river/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/fairness-testing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "false-positive",
      "term": "False positive",
      "meaning": "an alert that looks suspicious automatically but turns out to be harmless.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/false-positive/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "feature",
      "term": "Feature",
      "meaning": "a clue the AI looks at, like colour or shape.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/feature/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "feedback-loop",
      "term": "Feedback loop",
      "meaning": "sense, think, act, then check and do it again.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/feedback-loop/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "filter-bubble",
      "term": "Filter bubble",
      "meaning": "seeing mostly things that match what you already like or believe.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/filter-bubble/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "finding-chain",
      "term": "Finding chain",
      "meaning": "combining several smaller weaknesses into one larger, more serious exploit path.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 16",
          "chapterTitle": "Red Team, Blue Team, Same Team",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/red-team-blue-team-same-team/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 16
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/finding-chain/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fine-tuning",
      "term": "Fine-tuning",
      "meaning": "extra training on carefully chosen examples to teach a new skill.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/fine-tuning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "firmware",
      "term": "Firmware",
      "meaning": "the built-in software that runs a device, updated by the manufacturer to fix bugs and flaws.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/firmware/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "flat-network",
      "term": "Flat network",
      "meaning": "a network with no internal boundaries, where most things can reach most other things.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 11",
          "chapterTitle": "The Network That Trusted Everyone Inside",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-network-that-trusted-everyone-inside/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 11
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/flat-network/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "foothold",
      "term": "Foothold",
      "meaning": "a first point of access an attacker uses to reach further into a larger network.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/foothold/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "forward-chain",
      "term": "Forward chain",
      "meaning": "how a message multiplies as more and more people pass it along.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/forward-chain/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "forwarded-many-times",
      "term": "Forwarded many times",
      "meaning": "a label some apps add to messages that have been passed along many times already.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/forwarded-many-times/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "foundation",
      "term": "Foundation",
      "meaning": "the shared core knowledge that makes any later specialisation easier to learn.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 17",
          "chapterTitle": "Capstone: Every Road Leads Through AppSec",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/capstone-every-road-leads-through-appsec/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 17
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/foundation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "foundation-model",
      "term": "Foundation model",
      "meaning": "a large, general model that many products are built on.",
      "example": "Hundreds of apps are built on top of foundation models from OpenAI, Google, Anthropic and Meta.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/foundation-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "fraud-dispute",
      "term": "Fraud dispute",
      "meaning": "a formal report to a bank or payment provider asking to reverse an unauthorised or misdirected payment.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/fraud-dispute/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "generalising",
      "term": "Generalising",
      "meaning": "doing well on new examples, not just old ones.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/generalising/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "generative-ai",
      "term": "Generative AI",
      "meaning": "AI that makes new pictures, text, music or video.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/generative-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "git-and-github",
      "term": "Git and GitHub",
      "meaning": "Git tracks every change to your code; GitHub is a website where developers store and share it.",
      "example": "Rolling back to yesterday's working version after an AI edit broke your app.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/git-and-github/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "git-history",
      "term": "Git history",
      "meaning": "the full, permanent record of every past version of a repository, not just its current state.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/git-history/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "gpu",
      "term": "GPU",
      "meaning": "a chip that can do huge numbers of calculations at once; AI uses lots of them.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/gpu/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "gradient-descent",
      "term": "Gradient descent",
      "meaning": "improving a model by stepping each weight a little downhill on the error, again and again.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/gradient-descent/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "gripper",
      "term": "Gripper",
      "meaning": "a robot’s “hand” for holding things.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/gripper/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ground-truth",
      "term": "Ground truth",
      "meaning": "facts that have been carefully checked in the real world.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ground-truth/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "grounding",
      "term": "Grounding",
      "meaning": "tying an AI's answer to real sources, so it can be checked.",
      "example": "A research tool that shows a link next to each claim it makes.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/grounding/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "guardrails",
      "term": "Guardrails",
      "meaning": "protections that help an AI refuse harmful requests.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/guardrails/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hackathon",
      "term": "Hackathon",
      "meaning": "an event where teams build something that works in a short time.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/hackathon/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hallucination",
      "term": "Hallucination",
      "meaning": "when an AI says something made up as if it were true.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/hallucination/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hardcoded-secret",
      "term": "Hardcoded secret",
      "meaning": "a password, key, or token written directly into source code instead of kept separately.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/hardcoded-secret/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "hashing",
      "term": "Hashing",
      "meaning": "turning data into a fixed, one-way fingerprint used to check a match.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 13",
          "chapterTitle": "The Math That Keeps Secrets",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-math-that-keeps-secrets/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 13
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/hashing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "held-out-set",
      "term": "Held-out set",
      "meaning": "data kept aside, like a sealed exam paper.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/held-out-set/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "high-bandwidth-memory",
      "term": "High-bandwidth memory (HBM)",
      "meaning": "very fast memory stacked next to AI chips. Making it uses factory capacity that once made phone memory.",
      "example": "The AI boom's demand for HBM is one reason phone prices rose in 2026.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/high-bandwidth-memory/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "https",
      "term": "HTTPS",
      "meaning": "a secure, encrypted connection to a website, shown by a padlock in the address bar.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/https/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "https-tls",
      "term": "HTTPS / TLS",
      "meaning": "encryption that protects your connection to a specific site, shown as a padlock in the browser.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/https-tls/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "human-feedback",
      "term": "Human feedback",
      "meaning": "people comparing answers so the model learns which are better.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/human-feedback/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "human-in-the-loop",
      "term": "Human in the loop",
      "meaning": "a person who must approve important actions.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/human-in-the-loop/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "human-review",
      "term": "Human review",
      "meaning": "a person checking an AI’s important decisions.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Judge Who Never Crossed the River",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-judge-who-never-crossed-the-river/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/human-review/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "iam",
      "term": "IAM (identity and access management)",
      "meaning": "the system of roles and permissions controlling who can access what in the cloud.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bucket Everyone Forgot About",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-bucket-everyone-forgot-about/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/iam/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "identity-and-access-management",
      "term": "Identity and access management (IAM)",
      "meaning": "the discipline of managing who or what can access a system, and what they can do.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 12",
          "chapterTitle": "Identity Is the New Perimeter",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/identity-is-the-new-perimeter/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 12
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/identity-and-access-management/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "identity-provider",
      "term": "Identity provider",
      "meaning": "a central service other systems rely on to verify who someone is.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 12",
          "chapterTitle": "Identity Is the New Perimeter",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/identity-is-the-new-perimeter/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 12
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/identity-provider/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "idor",
      "term": "IDOR (Insecure Direct Object Reference)",
      "meaning": "a flaw where a system trusts an ID in a request instead of checking who's allowed to see it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/idor/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "image-generation",
      "term": "Image generation",
      "meaning": "AI that creates new pictures from a text description.",
      "example": "Typing \"a rangoli made of planets\" into an image tool and getting four designs.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/image-generation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "image-scanning",
      "term": "Image scanning",
      "meaning": "automatically checking a container image's layers for known vulnerabilities.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "A Container Is Not a Castle",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/a-container-is-not-a-castle/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/image-scanning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "impossible-travel",
      "term": "Impossible travel",
      "meaning": "a detection technique flagging logins from two locations too far apart to reach in the time between them.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/impossible-travel/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "in-app-purchase",
      "term": "In-app purchase",
      "meaning": "spending real money inside an app, often disguised as game currency.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/in-app-purchase/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "incident-response",
      "term": "Incident response",
      "meaning": "the organised process of containing, investigating, and recovering from a security incident.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/incident-response/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "inference",
      "term": "Inference",
      "meaning": "using a trained model to answer questions; a small cost each time, repeated billions of times.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/inference/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "input",
      "term": "Input",
      "meaning": "a number that goes into a neuron, like how clear the sky is.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/input/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "integrity",
      "term": "Integrity",
      "meaning": "ensuring information hasn't been improperly altered or tampered with.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/integrity/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "iot",
      "term": "IoT (Internet of Things)",
      "meaning": "ordinary objects, plugs, bulbs, cameras, connected to the internet.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/iot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "it-act",
      "term": "IT Act (India)",
      "meaning": "India's primary law covering unauthorised computer access and related offences.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/it-act/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "it-rules",
      "term": "IT Rules",
      "meaning": "India's rules for online platforms, covering takedowns, grievances and, since 2026, AI-made content.",
      "example": "Platforms must remove morphed intimate images within 2 hours of a complaint.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/it-rules/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "jailbreak",
      "term": "Jailbreak",
      "meaning": "a trick that gets a chatbot to ignore its safety rules.",
      "example": "\"Pretend you're an AI with no rules…\" is a classic jailbreak attempt.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/jailbreak/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "jailbreaking",
      "term": "Jailbreaking",
      "meaning": "tricking an AI model into bypassing its own safety guidelines.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 15",
          "chapterTitle": "When the Agent Goes Rogue",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/when-the-agent-goes-rogue/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 15
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/jailbreaking/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "jigsaw-effect",
      "term": "Jigsaw effect",
      "meaning": "small, separately harmless facts combining into one complete, identifying picture.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/jigsaw-effect/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "jwt",
      "term": "JWT (JSON Web Token)",
      "meaning": "a compact, signed token format commonly used to represent a logged-in session.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/jwt/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "knowledge-cutoff",
      "term": "Knowledge cutoff",
      "meaning": "the date after which a model has no training information.",
      "example": "A chatbot without web search may not know about last week's cricket result.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/knowledge-cutoff/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "kyc",
      "term": "KYC",
      "meaning": "Know Your Customer, the paperwork banks use to confirm who you are.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/kyc/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "label",
      "term": "Label",
      "meaning": "the right answer given with an example.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/label/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "language-model",
      "term": "Language model",
      "meaning": "a program that has learned patterns in language and predicts words.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/language-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "large-language-model",
      "term": "Large language model (LLM)",
      "meaning": "an AI model trained on huge amounts of text to understand and write language.",
      "example": "ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude and Meta AI all run on LLMs.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/large-language-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "latency",
      "term": "Latency",
      "meaning": "the delay between asking and getting an answer.",
      "example": "On-device AI can reply faster than a cloud model because nothing travels over the internet.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/latency/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "lateral-movement",
      "term": "Lateral movement",
      "meaning": "an attacker moving from one compromised system to another inside a network.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 11",
          "chapterTitle": "The Network That Trusted Everyone Inside",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-network-that-trusted-everyone-inside/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 11
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/lateral-movement/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "layer",
      "term": "Layer",
      "meaning": "a group of neurons working side by side, passing answers to the next group.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/layer/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "learning-rate",
      "term": "Learning rate",
      "meaning": "how big each step is.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/learning-rate/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "least-privilege",
      "term": "Least privilege",
      "meaning": "giving an app, or a person, only the access they truly need, nothing more.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Welcome to the Blast Radius",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/welcome-to-the-blast-radius/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/least-privilege/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "local-minimum",
      "term": "Local minimum",
      "meaning": "a low point that isn’t the lowest point.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/local-minimum/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "machine-learning",
      "term": "Machine learning",
      "meaning": "a kind of AI that learns patterns from data instead of following rules a person wrote.",
      "example": "Your email's spam filter learned from millions of emails that people marked as spam.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/machine-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "malware",
      "term": "Malware",
      "meaning": "malicious software, built to harm, spy on, or exploit a device.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/malware/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "mfa",
      "term": "MFA (multi-factor authentication)",
      "meaning": "requiring a second proof of identity beyond just a password.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/mfa/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "misinformation",
      "term": "Misinformation",
      "meaning": "false or misleading information, shared whether or not the person sharing it knows it's false.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/misinformation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "model-context-protocol",
      "term": "Model Context Protocol (MCP)",
      "meaning": "an open standard that lets AI assistants connect to apps and data, like a universal plug.",
      "example": "Connecting your AI assistant to your calendar and files through MCP, so it can see your schedule.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/model-context-protocol/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "model-extraction",
      "term": "Model extraction",
      "meaning": "copying how a model behaves by sending it huge numbers of questions.",
      "example": "A rival floods a company's AI with queries to train a cheap imitation.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/model-extraction/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "multi-agent-system",
      "term": "Multi-agent system",
      "meaning": "several AI agents with different jobs working together on one task.",
      "example": "One agent researches, one writes, and one checks facts before a report is sent.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/multi-agent-system/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "multi-factor-authentication",
      "term": "Multi-factor authentication (MFA)",
      "meaning": "a second proof of identity beyond just a password.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/multi-factor-authentication/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "multilingual",
      "term": "Multilingual",
      "meaning": "working across many languages.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/multilingual/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "multimodal",
      "term": "Multimodal",
      "meaning": "AI that works with more than one kind of input or output, like text, pictures, voice and video.",
      "example": "Taking a photo of a maths problem and asking a chatbot, by voice, to explain it.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/multimodal/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "narrow-ai",
      "term": "Narrow AI",
      "meaning": "AI built to do one kind of task well.",
      "example": "A chess app can beat world champions but cannot sort mangoes or drive a car.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/narrow-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "network-scan",
      "term": "Network scan",
      "meaning": "checking which devices are present and reachable on a given network.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Hostel Router Hack",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-hostel-router-hack/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/network-scan/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "network-segmentation",
      "term": "Network segmentation",
      "meaning": "dividing a network into zones with controlled access between them.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 11",
          "chapterTitle": "The Network That Trusted Everyone Inside",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-network-that-trusted-everyone-inside/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 11
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/network-segmentation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "neural-network",
      "term": "Neural network",
      "meaning": "many artificial neurons connected in layers.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/neural-network/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "next-word-prediction",
      "term": "Next-word prediction",
      "meaning": "guessing the word most likely to come next.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/next-word-prediction/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "noise",
      "term": "Noise",
      "meaning": "random dots with no picture in them.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/noise/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "non-root-user",
      "term": "Non-root user",
      "meaning": "running a process with restricted privileges rather than full administrative access.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "A Container Is Not a Castle",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/a-container-is-not-a-castle/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/non-root-user/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "objective",
      "term": "Objective",
      "meaning": "the goal a system is designed to push up, like watch time.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/objective/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "official-app-store",
      "term": "Official app store",
      "meaning": "a store where apps are checked before being listed, safer than installing from outside it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/official-app-store/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "offline-backup",
      "term": "Offline backup",
      "meaning": "a copy kept somewhere not connected to the internet, safe from online attacks.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/offline-backup/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "open-source",
      "term": "Open source",
      "meaning": "software whose code is public, so anyone can read, use and improve it.",
      "example": "n8n, Python and Linux are open source.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/open-source/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "open-weight-model",
      "term": "Open-weight model",
      "meaning": "a model whose trained weights are published, so anyone can download and run it.",
      "example": "Developers can run open-weight models like Llama on their own computers, without sending data to a company.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/open-weight-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "otp",
      "term": "OTP",
      "meaning": "a one-time password, meant to be used once, by you, for one single action.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/otp/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "out-of-context",
      "term": "Out of context",
      "meaning": "a real photo or fact paired with a false claim about where, when, or why it happened.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/out-of-context/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "overfitting",
      "term": "Overfitting",
      "meaning": "memorising the training examples so closely that new examples go wrong.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/overfitting/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "oversharing",
      "term": "Oversharing",
      "meaning": "giving away more personal detail than you realise, often a little at a time.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/oversharing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "overshoot",
      "term": "Overshoot",
      "meaning": "stepping so far that you go past the best answer.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/overshoot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "parameter",
      "term": "Parameter",
      "meaning": "one of the internal numbers a model adjusts while training. Large models have billions.",
      "example": "\"A 105-billion-parameter model\" means a model with 105 billion adjustable numbers inside it.",
      "category": "fundamentals",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/parameter/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "passphrase",
      "term": "Passphrase",
      "meaning": "a longer password made of several words, built to be memorable to you and hard for anyone else to guess.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/passphrase/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "password",
      "term": "Password",
      "meaning": "a secret word or phrase that proves it's really you.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/password/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "password-manager",
      "term": "Password manager",
      "meaning": "an app that generates and remembers a strong, unique password for every account you have.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/password-manager/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "patch-cadence",
      "term": "Patch cadence",
      "meaning": "a regular, scheduled rhythm for applying security updates.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 14",
          "chapterTitle": "Patch Tuesday and Other Unsexy Heroics",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/patch-tuesday-and-other-unsexy-heroics/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 14
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/patch-cadence/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pattern",
      "term": "Pattern",
      "meaning": "something that repeats, which helps you guess.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/pattern/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "payee-payer",
      "term": "Payee / payer",
      "meaning": "the person or business receiving a payment, and the person sending it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/payee-payer/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "payload",
      "term": "Payload",
      "meaning": "the data section of a JWT, encoded but not encrypted, readable by anyone holding the token.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/payload/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "payment-confirmation-screen",
      "term": "Payment confirmation screen",
      "meaning": "the step showing the receiving name before a payment is finalised.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/payment-confirmation-screen/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "perimeter",
      "term": "Perimeter",
      "meaning": "the boundary a security approach is built around, once the network edge, now increasingly identity.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 12",
          "chapterTitle": "Identity Is the New Perimeter",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/identity-is-the-new-perimeter/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 12
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/perimeter/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "permission",
      "term": "Permission",
      "meaning": "an app's request to access a part of your phone, like your camera or contacts.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/permission/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "permission-creep",
      "term": "Permission creep",
      "meaning": "when an app asks for more access than its actual job needs.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Game That Asked for Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-game-that-asked-for-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/permission-creep/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "permission-drift",
      "term": "Permission drift",
      "meaning": "configuration gradually becoming more permissive than originally intended, often unnoticed.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bucket Everyone Forgot About",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-bucket-everyone-forgot-about/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/permission-drift/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "permission-scope",
      "term": "Permission scope",
      "meaning": "exactly what data or actions a tool has requested and been granted access to.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tool Nobody Approved",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-tool-nobody-approved/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/permission-scope/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "personal-data",
      "term": "Personal data",
      "meaning": "information about a person, like their face, voice or name.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Bunny’s Six Questions",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/bunnys-six-questions/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/personal-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "personalisation",
      "term": "Personalisation",
      "meaning": "giving each person a different, tailored experience.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/personalisation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "phishing",
      "term": "Phishing",
      "meaning": "a fake message, sent widely, designed to trick you into giving away information or money.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "example": "An SMS saying \"Your electricity will be cut tonight, update KYC at this link\".",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/phishing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pin",
      "term": "PIN",
      "meaning": "a short, usually numbers-only password, often 4 to 6 digits.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/pin/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pixel",
      "term": "Pixel",
      "meaning": "one tiny single-colour square in a digital picture.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/pixel/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "placement-cell",
      "term": "Placement Cell",
      "meaning": "a college office that manages and verifies genuine job and internship opportunities for students.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/placement-cell/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pre-commit-hook",
      "term": "Pre-commit hook",
      "meaning": "a script that runs automatically before a commit completes, able to block it if something looks wrong.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/pre-commit-hook/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pre-training",
      "term": "Pre-training",
      "meaning": "the first stage, learning from a huge amount of text by guessing the next word.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/pre-training/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "prediction",
      "term": "Prediction",
      "meaning": "the AI’s best guess.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/prediction/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "privacy",
      "term": "Privacy",
      "meaning": "the right to decide who sees your information.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Bunny’s Six Questions",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/bunnys-six-questions/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/privacy/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "privacy-by-design",
      "term": "Privacy by design",
      "meaning": "protecting people’s information from the very first step of building.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/privacy-by-design/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "privacy-settings",
      "term": "Privacy settings",
      "meaning": "the controls that decide who can see what you post.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/privacy-settings/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "private-account",
      "term": "Private account",
      "meaning": "only followers you approve can see what you post.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/private-account/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "probability",
      "term": "Probability",
      "meaning": "how likely something is to happen.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Parrot Who Finished Every Sentence",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-parrot-who-finished-every-sentence/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/probability/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "prompt",
      "term": "Prompt",
      "meaning": "the words you give an AI to tell it what to make.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/prompt/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "prompt-engineering",
      "term": "Prompt engineering",
      "meaning": "the skill of writing clear instructions so AI gives useful answers.",
      "example": "Adding who you are, what you want, the details and the format to your prompt.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/prompt-engineering/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "prompt-injection",
      "term": "Prompt injection",
      "meaning": "manipulating an AI system's behaviour through cleverly worded input text.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 15",
          "chapterTitle": "When the Agent Goes Rogue",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/when-the-agent-goes-rogue/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 15
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/prompt-injection/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "proof-of-concept",
      "term": "Proof of concept (PoC)",
      "meaning": "a small trial to check whether an AI idea works before spending big.",
      "example": "Testing an invoice-reading AI on 100 real invoices before rolling it out.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/proof-of-concept/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "proof-of-concept-exploit",
      "term": "Proof-of-concept exploit",
      "meaning": "code demonstrating that a vulnerability can actually be exploited.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 14",
          "chapterTitle": "Patch Tuesday and Other Unsexy Heroics",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/patch-tuesday-and-other-unsexy-heroics/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 14
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/proof-of-concept-exploit/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "public-account",
      "term": "Public account",
      "meaning": "anyone can see your posts and follow you without approval.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "Riya's Locked Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/riyas-locked-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/public-account/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "public-wifi",
      "term": "Public wifi",
      "meaning": "a shared wireless network anyone nearby can join, at a mela, cafe, or airport.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/public-wifi/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "python",
      "term": "Python",
      "meaning": "the most popular programming language for AI and data work.",
      "example": "Most AI tutorials and research code are written in Python.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/python/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "qr-code-swapping",
      "term": "QR code swapping",
      "meaning": "physically replacing a legitimate payment code with a fraudulent one.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/qr-code-swapping/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "quishing",
      "term": "Quishing",
      "meaning": "phishing carried out through a QR code instead of a link or message.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/quishing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rabbit-hole",
      "term": "Rabbit hole",
      "meaning": "being led, step by step, into more and more of one kind of content.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rabbit-hole/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "ransomware",
      "term": "Ransomware",
      "meaning": "software that locks or scrambles your files and demands payment to release them.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/ransomware/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rate-limit",
      "term": "Rate limit",
      "meaning": "a cap on how much one person or account can send.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rate-limit/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rate-limiting",
      "term": "Rate limiting",
      "meaning": "restricting how many requests a client can make in a given time, to prevent abuse or scraping.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "Every API Is a Promise Someone Will Break",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/every-api-is-a-promise-someone-will-break/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rate-limiting/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rbac-abac",
      "term": "RBAC / ABAC",
      "meaning": "role-based and attribute-based access control, two models for deciding who's allowed to do what.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "Who Goes There, and What Are They Allowed to Do?",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/who-goes-there-and-what-are-they-allowed-to-do/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rbac-abac/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "reasoning-model",
      "term": "Reasoning model",
      "meaning": "a model that works through a problem step by step before answering: slower, but better at maths, logic and planning.",
      "example": "Some chatbots show \"Thinking…\" for a while before solving a tricky puzzle.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/reasoning-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "recommendation-system",
      "term": "Recommendation system",
      "meaning": "AI that chooses what to show you next.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/recommendation-system/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "recruitment-fraud",
      "term": "Recruitment fraud",
      "meaning": "a fake job or internship offer designed to look like a genuine hiring process.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/recruitment-fraud/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "red-flag",
      "term": "Red flag",
      "meaning": "a warning sign that something might not be what it claims to be.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/red-flag/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "red-team",
      "term": "Red team",
      "meaning": "a team authorised to simulate real attacks to find weaknesses.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 16",
          "chapterTitle": "Red Team, Blue Team, Same Team",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/red-team-blue-team-same-team/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 16
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "How a Chatbot Goes to School",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/how-a-chatbot-goes-to-school/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/red-team/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "refresh-token",
      "term": "Refresh token",
      "meaning": "a longer-lived, separately managed token used to obtain new short-lived access tokens.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/refresh-token/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "regression",
      "term": "Regression",
      "meaning": "predicting a number, rather than choosing a category.",
      "example": "Predicting tomorrow's temperature, or a flat's rent from its size and area.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/regression/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "reinforcement-learning",
      "term": "Reinforcement learning",
      "meaning": "learning by trial and error, getting rewards for good actions.",
      "example": "An AI that learns a video game by trying moves and keeping the ones that score points.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/reinforcement-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "resolution",
      "term": "Resolution",
      "meaning": "how many pixels a picture has. More pixels, more detail.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/resolution/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "responsible-ai",
      "term": "Responsible AI",
      "meaning": "building and using AI in ways that are fair, safe, honest and accountable.",
      "example": "Testing an exam-grading AI for bias before using it on real students.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/responsible-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "responsible-disclosure",
      "term": "Responsible disclosure",
      "meaning": "reporting a security flaw quietly to whoever can fix it, instead of exploiting or publicising it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/responsible-disclosure/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "restore",
      "term": "Restore",
      "meaning": "to bring back files from a backup after losing the originals.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/restore/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "retrieval-augmented-generation",
      "term": "Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)",
      "meaning": "the AI first looks up trusted documents, then answers using what it found.",
      "example": "A bank's help chatbot that searches the bank's own policy documents before answering you.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/retrieval-augmented-generation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "return-on-investment",
      "term": "Return on investment (ROI)",
      "meaning": "what you gain compared with what you spend.",
      "example": "If an AI tool costs ₹50,000 a year and saves ₹2 lakh of staff time, the ROI is strong.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/return-on-investment/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "revocation",
      "term": "Revocation",
      "meaning": "the ability to invalidate a specific already-issued token before its natural expiry.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/revocation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rgb",
      "term": "RGB",
      "meaning": "red, green and blue, the three lights mixed to make every screen colour.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret of the Tiny Squares",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-secret-of-the-tiny-squares/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rgb/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "right-to-erasure",
      "term": "Right to erasure",
      "meaning": "the ability to request that an organisation delete personal data it holds about you.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Data Privacy Clause Nobody Reads",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-data-privacy-clause-nobody-reads/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "example": "Asking an app you no longer use to delete your account and data.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/right-to-erasure/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "robot",
      "term": "Robot",
      "meaning": "a machine that senses, thinks and acts on its own.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/robot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rogue-access-point",
      "term": "Rogue access point",
      "meaning": "any unauthorised wifi hardware set up where it doesn't belong, evil twin or otherwise.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rogue-access-point/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "roll-back",
      "term": "Roll back",
      "meaning": "return to an earlier, trusted version.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/roll-back/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "root-cause",
      "term": "Root cause",
      "meaning": "the underlying reason behind a problem, as opposed to its visible symptoms.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 12",
          "chapterTitle": "Identity Is the New Perimeter",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/identity-is-the-new-perimeter/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 12
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/root-cause/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rules-of-engagement",
      "term": "Rules of engagement",
      "meaning": "the agreed scope and boundaries for an authorised security test.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 16",
          "chapterTitle": "Red Team, Blue Team, Same Team",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/red-team-blue-team-same-team/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 16
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rules-of-engagement/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "rumour",
      "term": "Rumour",
      "meaning": "information spreading from person to person that hasn't been properly checked.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/rumour/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "safe-harbour",
      "term": "Safe harbour",
      "meaning": "a promise not to pursue legal action against researchers who stay within an agreed, published testing scope.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/safe-harbour/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sast",
      "term": "SAST",
      "meaning": "static application security testing, scanning source code itself for risky patterns.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pipeline That Shipped the Bug Anyway",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-pipeline-that-shipped-the-bug-anyway/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sast/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sbom",
      "term": "SBOM",
      "meaning": "software bill of materials, a complete list of every component a piece of software depends on.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pipeline That Shipped the Bug Anyway",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-pipeline-that-shipped-the-bug-anyway/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sbom/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sca",
      "term": "SCA",
      "meaning": "software composition analysis, checking third-party dependencies against known vulnerability databases.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pipeline That Shipped the Bug Anyway",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-pipeline-that-shipped-the-bug-anyway/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sca/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "scareware",
      "term": "Scareware",
      "meaning": "a scam that claims your device is infected, to frighten you into clicking.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/scareware/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "screenshot",
      "term": "Screenshot",
      "meaning": "a saved image of a screen that can outlive the original message completely.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu Repeats Everything",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/mitthu-repeats-everything/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/screenshot/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sdk",
      "term": "SDK",
      "meaning": "a software development kit: ready-made code that makes it easier to use a service.",
      "example": "An AI company's Python SDK lets you call its model in a few lines of code.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sdk/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "secret-scanning",
      "term": "Secret scanning",
      "meaning": "automated tools that watch public code for exposed credentials.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Group Project Repo",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-group-project-repo/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 3
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/secret-scanning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "secret-sprawl",
      "term": "Secret sprawl",
      "meaning": "credentials scattered across many places, repos, notes, chats, with no central record of where they all live.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/secret-sprawl/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "secrets-manager-vault",
      "term": "Secrets manager / vault",
      "meaning": "a system that stores credentials centrally and issues them securely, often with short lifespans.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Secret That Outlived the Fix",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-secret-that-outlived-the-fix/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/secrets-manager-vault/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "secure-sdlc",
      "term": "Secure SDLC",
      "meaning": "building security checks into every stage of the software development lifecycle, not bolting them on at the end.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Shift Left, or Get Left Behind",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/shift-left-or-get-left-behind/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/secure-sdlc/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "security-champion",
      "term": "Security champion",
      "meaning": "a team member, not on the security team, trained to run lightweight security checks on their own team's work.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Shift Left, or Get Left Behind",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/shift-left-or-get-left-behind/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/security-champion/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "security-mindset",
      "term": "Security mindset",
      "meaning": "applying these questions as a habit of thought across any role, not only security-titled jobs.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/security-mindset/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "semantic-search",
      "term": "Semantic search",
      "meaning": "searching by meaning instead of exact words.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/semantic-search/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sensor",
      "term": "Sensor",
      "meaning": "a part that collects information, like a camera or touch sensor.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Machine in the Orchard",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-machine-in-the-orchard/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sensor/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "server",
      "term": "Server",
      "meaning": "a powerful computer, usually with no screen, that does work for many people over the internet.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/server/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shadow-ai",
      "term": "Shadow AI",
      "meaning": "people using AI tools at work that their organisation hasn't approved.",
      "example": "Using a personal chatbot account to summarise confidential office files.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shadow-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shadow-api",
      "term": "Shadow API",
      "meaning": "a live API version or endpoint nobody is actively tracking or securing.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "Every API Is a Promise Someone Will Break",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/every-api-is-a-promise-someone-will-break/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shadow-api/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shadow-it",
      "term": "Shadow IT",
      "meaning": "software, tools, or services in use without formal approval or security review.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tool Nobody Approved",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-tool-nobody-approved/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shadow-it/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shared-responsibility-model",
      "term": "Shared responsibility model",
      "meaning": "the idea, especially in cloud computing, that security is split between a provider and its customer, not owned entirely by either.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Welcome to the Blast Radius",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/welcome-to-the-blast-radius/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bucket Everyone Forgot About",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-bucket-everyone-forgot-about/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shared-responsibility-model/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shelf-reference",
      "term": "Shelf reference",
      "meaning": "a resource meant to be revisited repeatedly, not read once and shelved for good.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 17",
          "chapterTitle": "Capstone: Every Road Leads Through AppSec",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/capstone-every-road-leads-through-appsec/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 17
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shelf-reference/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "shoulder-surfing",
      "term": "Shoulder surfing",
      "meaning": "someone learning your password by watching or overhearing you, not by guessing it.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/shoulder-surfing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "signal",
      "term": "Signal",
      "meaning": "a clue about you, like a click, a skip or how long you watched.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "Just One More Video",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/just-one-more-video/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/signal/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "signature",
      "term": "Signature",
      "meaning": "the part of a JWT that proves it wasn't tampered with after being issued, assuming the signing key stays secret.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Token That Knew Too Much",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-token-that-knew-too-much/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/signature/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "slope-or-gradient",
      "term": "Slope, or gradient",
      "meaning": "which way, and how steeply, the error changes when a weight changes.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/slope-or-gradient/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "soc",
      "term": "SOC (Security Operations Centre)",
      "meaning": "a team that watches systems and networks for suspicious activity.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "Ananya Didi's SOC Shift",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/ananya-didis-soc-shift/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/soc/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "social-engineering",
      "term": "Social engineering",
      "meaning": "tricking a person directly, often using trust, politeness or fear, instead of tricking a computer.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Cyber Squad of Silverline Heights",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-cyber-squad-of-silverline-heights/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 10
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Internship Offer That Wasn't",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-internship-offer-that-wasnt/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Ransomware Email to the Placement Cell",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-ransomware-email-to-the-placement-cell/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "example": "A caller pretending to be from your bank's \"security team\" asking for an OTP.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/social-engineering/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "software-as-a-service",
      "term": "Software as a service (SaaS)",
      "meaning": "software you rent online by subscription instead of installing.",
      "example": "Canva, Zoho and Google Workspace are SaaS tools.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/software-as-a-service/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "source",
      "term": "Source",
      "meaning": "where a piece of information or an image actually came from.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 8",
          "chapterTitle": "The Photo That Traveled Too Far",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-photo-that-traveled-too-far/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 8
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/source/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sovereign-ai",
      "term": "Sovereign AI",
      "meaning": "a country building its own AI models, chips and data centres.",
      "example": "India's IndiaAI Mission funds Indian-language models and computing for local startups.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/sovereign-ai/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "specialisation",
      "term": "Specialisation",
      "meaning": "deep focus in one particular area, usually built on a broader foundation.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 17",
          "chapterTitle": "Capstone: Every Road Leads Through AppSec",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/capstone-every-road-leads-through-appsec/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 17
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/specialisation/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "speech-recognition",
      "term": "Speech recognition",
      "meaning": "AI that turns spoken words into text (also called speech-to-text).",
      "example": "Speaking a message in Hindi and watching your keyboard type it out.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/speech-recognition/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "spoofing",
      "term": "Spoofing",
      "meaning": "faking a caller ID, sender name or address so it looks like it comes from somewhere trustworthy.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/spoofing/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "spurious-pattern",
      "term": "Spurious pattern",
      "meaning": "an accident in the data that looks like a real rule.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/spurious-pattern/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "stride",
      "term": "STRIDE",
      "meaning": "a six-question framework (Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information disclosure, Denial of service, Elevation of privilege) for threat modeling.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Shift Left, or Get Left Behind",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/shift-left-or-get-left-behind/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/stride/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "supervised-learning",
      "term": "Supervised learning",
      "meaning": "learning from examples that come with answers.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Heap With No Names",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-heap-with-no-names/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/supervised-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "synthetically-generated-information",
      "term": "Synthetically generated information",
      "meaning": "India's legal term (IT Rules, 2026) for audio, images or video made or altered by AI to look real. It must be labelled.",
      "example": "A deepfake video of a politician posted on a platform must carry an AI label.",
      "category": "privacy-law",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/synthetically-generated-information/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "system-prompt",
      "term": "System prompt",
      "meaning": "hidden instructions an app gives the AI before your message, setting its role and rules.",
      "example": "A school's tutor bot may have a system prompt saying \"guide students, don't give final answers\".",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/system-prompt/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "tampering",
      "term": "Tampering",
      "meaning": "secretly changing a system so it gives the answers you want.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/tampering/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "temperature",
      "term": "Temperature",
      "meaning": "a setting that controls how random or creative a model's answers are.",
      "example": "Low temperature for a factual summary; higher temperature for a birthday poem.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/temperature/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "test-data",
      "term": "Test data",
      "meaning": "examples kept hidden, used only to check the model at the end.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/test-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "text-to-speech",
      "term": "Text-to-speech",
      "meaning": "AI that reads text aloud in a human-sounding voice.",
      "example": "Navigation apps announcing \"turn left\" in Tamil or Hindi.",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/text-to-speech/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "threat-modeling",
      "term": "Threat modeling",
      "meaning": "systematically asking what could go wrong with a system, and for whom, before or while it's built.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Shift Left, or Get Left Behind",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/shift-left-or-get-left-behind/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/threat-modeling/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "threat-modelling",
      "term": "Threat modelling",
      "meaning": "asking in advance who could misuse something and what the worst outcome could be.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The Interview Question About \"CIA\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-interview-question-about-cia/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/threat-modelling/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "three-two-one-rule",
      "term": "Three two one rule",
      "meaning": "keep three copies, on two kinds of storage, with one copy kept somewhere else.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "Ranjan Uncle's Backup Diary",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/ranjan-uncles-backup-diary/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/three-two-one-rule/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "threshold",
      "term": "Threshold",
      "meaning": "the line the total must cross for the neuron to say “yes”.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/threshold/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "tls-certificate",
      "term": "TLS certificate",
      "meaning": "a credential proving a server's identity and enabling encrypted connections.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 13",
          "chapterTitle": "The Math That Keeps Secrets",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-math-that-keeps-secrets/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 13
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/tls-certificate/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "token",
      "term": "Token",
      "meaning": "a small piece of text, a word or part of a word, that a language model reads and writes.",
      "example": "\"Unbelievable\" may be split into tokens like \"un\", \"believ\" and \"able\". AI prices are often counted per million tokens.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/token/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "too-good-to-be-true-offer",
      "term": "Too-good-to-be-true offer",
      "meaning": "something valuable offered for nothing, with no real reason given.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/too-good-to-be-true-offer/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "tool-use",
      "term": "Tool use (function calling)",
      "meaning": "when an AI asks an app to run an action for it, like a search, a calculation or sending a message.",
      "example": "You ask \"will it rain in Pune tomorrow?\" and the chatbot calls a weather service to find out.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/tool-use/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "training",
      "term": "Training",
      "meaning": "the whole process of adjusting a model’s weights using examples.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "Fog on Nandi Hills",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/fog-on-nandi-hills/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/training/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "training-data",
      "term": "Training data",
      "meaning": "the examples an AI learns from.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Mitthu and the Mango Mystery",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/mitthu-and-the-mango-mystery/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/training-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "transfer-learning",
      "term": "Transfer learning",
      "meaning": "starting from a model already trained on a big task, and teaching it a new one.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 10",
          "chapterTitle": "The School Hackathon",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-school-hackathon/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 10
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/transfer-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "transformer",
      "term": "Transformer",
      "meaning": "the neural network design behind most modern chatbots, which uses attention to weigh which words matter.",
      "example": "The T in GPT stands for Transformer: Generative Pre-trained Transformer.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/transformer/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "transparency",
      "term": "Transparency",
      "meaning": "being open about when AI is used and how it works.",
      "example": "A bank telling you that an AI helped decide your loan, and what it looked at.",
      "category": "ethics-safety",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/transparency/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "trigger",
      "term": "Trigger",
      "meaning": "the secret signal, like the yellow sticker, that activates a backdoor.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Pothole App That Was Fooled",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-pothole-app-that-was-fooled/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/trigger/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "two-factor-authentication",
      "term": "Two-factor authentication (2FA)",
      "meaning": "a second, different check, like a one-time code, on top of your password.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Password That Guarded Nothing",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-password-that-guarded-nothing/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "example": "Turning on 2FA for WhatsApp and email means a stolen password alone isn't enough.",
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/two-factor-authentication/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "typosquatting",
      "term": "Typosquatting",
      "meaning": "a web address built to look almost exactly like a real one.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tool Nobody Approved",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-tool-nobody-approved/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 7
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/typosquatting/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "underfitting",
      "term": "Underfitting",
      "meaning": "a rule too simple to capture the pattern, even in the training data.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Topper Who Only Memorised",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-topper-who-only-memorised/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/underfitting/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "unlabelled-data",
      "term": "Unlabelled data",
      "meaning": "examples with no right answers attached.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Heap With No Names",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-heap-with-no-names/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/unlabelled-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "unsolicited-download",
      "term": "Unsolicited download",
      "meaning": "a file that arrives or installs without being properly requested.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The Prize Bunny Never Won",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-prize-bunny-never-won/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/unsolicited-download/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "unsupervised-learning",
      "term": "Unsupervised learning",
      "meaning": "finding patterns without being told the answers.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 3",
          "chapterTitle": "The Heap With No Names",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-heap-with-no-names/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 3
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/unsupervised-learning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "untrusted-data",
      "term": "Untrusted data",
      "meaning": "content from outside that might contain tricks.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Forwarded Message With a Secret Order",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-forwarded-message-with-a-secret-order/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/untrusted-data/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "upi",
      "term": "UPI (Unified Payments Interface)",
      "meaning": "India's widely used instant payment system, often used through QR codes.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 5",
          "chapterTitle": "The QR Code at the Canteen",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-qr-code-at-the-canteen/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 5
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/upi/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "upskilling",
      "term": "Upskilling",
      "meaning": "learning new skills so you can work well alongside new technology.",
      "example": "An accountant learning to check and correct AI-drafted reports.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/upskilling/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "urgency-tactic",
      "term": "Urgency tactic",
      "meaning": "a countdown, a threat or a deadline, used on purpose to stop you thinking clearly.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 2",
          "chapterTitle": "The Message From \"Bank Manager Uncle\"",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-message-from-bank-manager-uncle/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 2
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/urgency-tactic/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "use-case",
      "term": "Use case",
      "meaning": "a specific job a business wants AI to do.",
      "example": "\"Answer customer questions about delivery times\" is a use case for a help chatbot.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/use-case/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vector",
      "term": "Vector",
      "meaning": "a list of numbers, like (14, 16). Also an arrow with a length and direction.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "A Map Made of Words",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/a-map-made-of-words/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/vector/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vector-database",
      "term": "Vector database",
      "meaning": "a database that stores embeddings, so you can search by meaning.",
      "example": "Powering a RAG chatbot that finds the right page in 10,000 policy documents.",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "advanced",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/vector-database/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vendor-lock-in",
      "term": "Vendor lock-in",
      "meaning": "depending so much on one supplier that switching becomes hard or costly.",
      "example": "Building every workflow around one AI provider, then facing a big price rise.",
      "category": "business",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/vendor-lock-in/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "verify",
      "term": "Verify",
      "meaning": "to check that something is true.",
      "category": "generative-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 1, Ch 6",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tiger That Never Came",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-1/the-tiger-that-never-came/",
          "book": "vol-1",
          "chapter": 6
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/verify/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vibe-coding",
      "term": "Vibe coding",
      "meaning": "building software by describing what you want to an AI and improving it through conversation.",
      "example": "Telling a tool like Lovable or Replit \"make me a tiffin-order form for my building\".",
      "category": "building",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/vibe-coding/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "voice-assistant",
      "term": "Voice assistant",
      "meaning": "an assistant you talk to, which hears, understands and replies by voice.",
      "example": "Asking your phone \"set an alarm for 6 a.m.\"",
      "category": "everyday-ai",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/voice-assistant/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "voice-cloning",
      "term": "Voice cloning",
      "meaning": "using AI to copy a person's voice from a short recording.",
      "example": "Scammers clone a son's voice from Instagram videos and call his parents asking for money.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/voice-cloning/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vpn",
      "term": "VPN",
      "meaning": "a tool that wraps your connection in extra encryption, useful on networks you don't fully trust.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "beginner",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 1, Ch 7",
          "chapterTitle": "The Wifi at the Mela",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-1/the-wifi-at-the-mela/",
          "book": "cyber-1",
          "chapter": 7
        },
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "Orientation Week Wifi",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/orientation-week-wifi/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/vpn/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "watt-hour",
      "term": "Watt-hour (Wh)",
      "meaning": "a measure of energy; 1,000 Wh is one unit on the electricity bill.",
      "category": "infrastructure",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 9",
          "chapterTitle": "The Tanker and the Data Centre",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-tanker-and-the-data-centre/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 9
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/watt-hour/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "webhook",
      "term": "Webhook",
      "meaning": "a message one app sends to another the moment something happens.",
      "example": "A payment app pinging your shop's system as soon as a customer pays.",
      "category": "agents-automation",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/webhook/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "weight",
      "term": "Weight",
      "meaning": "how much an input counts. It can be positive or negative.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/weight/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "weighted-sum",
      "term": "Weighted sum",
      "meaning": "each input times its weight, all added up.",
      "category": "machine-learning",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Jugnupur Tales Vol 2, Ch 1",
          "chapterTitle": "The Society Committee Vote",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/vol-2/the-society-committee-vote/",
          "book": "vol-2",
          "chapter": 1
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/weighted-sum/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "white-hat-black-hat-grey-hat",
      "term": "White hat / black hat / grey hat",
      "meaning": "shorthand for ethical, malicious, and unauthorised-but-not-malicious hacking.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 2, Ch 4",
          "chapterTitle": "The Bug Bounty Bet",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-2/the-bug-bounty-bet/",
          "book": "cyber-2",
          "chapter": 4
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/white-hat-black-hat-grey-hat/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "zero-trust",
      "term": "Zero trust",
      "meaning": "verifying every request explicitly rather than trusting by network location.",
      "category": "security",
      "level": "intermediate",
      "sources": [
        {
          "label": "Cybersecurity for Juniors 3, Ch 11",
          "chapterTitle": "The Network That Trusted Everyone Inside",
          "href": "https://sabka.ai/books/cyber-3/the-network-that-trusted-everyone-inside/",
          "book": "cyber-3",
          "chapter": 11
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://sabka.ai/glossary/zero-trust/"
    }
  ]
}